Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product produced during the wet process of phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) production from natural phosphate rocks. Approximately 4–6 …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that is produced during the phosphoric acid production process. Annual global PG production ranges between 100 to 300 Mt, with only 15% of that utilized while the rest is usually placed on large dumps with potential serious human and environmental impacts. …

Radiological characterization of radionuclides contained in the phosphate rocks, phosphogypsum, phosphoric acid, and phosphates fertilizers (DAP, NPS, NPK, TSP, and TAP) in Morocco have been performed to provide a database for the assessment of the environmental and the radiological impacts.The measurements of the activity …

Phosphogypsum is a solid waste byproduct from processing phosphate ore to make phosphoric acid that is later used in fertilizer. Phosphogypsum contains radium, which decays to form radon gas. Both radium and radon are radioactive and can cause …

Abstract Phosphogypsum (PG) is an acidic by-product that is created during the production of phosphoric acid using the sulfuric acid route. The management of PG poses a significant environmental challenge worldwide due to its large quantity and chemical composition. While PG primarily consists of calcium sulfate dihydrate, it also …

Phosphogypsum (PG), the main industrial by-product of phosphate fertilizer industry, primarily consists of calcium sulfate dihydrate. However, it contains various …

Cemented backfill is an effective means to increase ore recovery, improve safety conditions, and reduce surface disposal of solid wastes. As a typical solid waste, phosphogypsum (PG) is the by ...

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a major hazardous by-product of the phosphate industry. The whole world is facing the challenge of increasing stockpiles of PG, which significantly affect safety and the environment. Recycling this material may be an environmentally friendly and safe solution to this challenge.

We evaluated the suitability of phosphogypsum from the Lowveld region of South Africa (LSA), for the manufacturing of building materials, with reference to (1) the National Nuclear Regulator Act 47 of 1999 and (2) the radioactivity associated risks as quantified in terms of the external and internal hazard indices, the activity concentration …

The leachate of waste phosphogypsum (PG) contains substantial amounts of phosphate, sulfate, and fluoride, which poses an immense threat to the safety of the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, a multi-stage precipitation approach is proposed to treat PG leachates using hybrid alkaline reagents including barium hydroxide (Ba(OH) 2) and …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product produced during the wet process of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) production from natural phosphate rocks. Approximately 4–6 tons of PG is produced per ton of ...

Subpart R limits certain radionuclides in phosphogypsum stacks. It requires owners and operator to monitor radon emissions from inactive (completed) stacks. ... Subpart R protects the public and the environment from the hazards of radioactive materials found in phosphogypsum. Phosphogypsum is a solid waste byproduct that …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is an acid by-product from the production phosphate fertilizers that is produced in large amounts all over the world. However, it is challenging to reuse this waste due to the quantities of various impurities in PG and technical restrictions, resulting in PG accumulation, which threatens adjacent environments.

Phosphogypsum (PG) wastes, including solid-state PG and liquid-state PG leachate, are industrial byproducts generated during the production of phosphoric acid. It …

Side view of phosphogypsum stack. Phosphate production generates huge amounts of phosphogypsum wastes, nearly 48 million MTs in 1988 alone. Industry estimates that 5.2 tons of phosphogypsum is produced for every ton of phosphoric acid. Phosphogypsum has little market value and is transferred as a slurry to waste piles …

DOI: 10.1002/tqem.21707 Corpus ID: 225159492; Efficiency of the use of neutralized phosphogypsum, phosphorite processing waste, in agriculture @article{Efremova2020EfficiencyOT, title={Efficiency of the use of neutralized phosphogypsum, phosphorite processing waste, in agriculture}, author={Saniya Y. …

Phosphogypsum is the radioactive waste from processing phosphate ore into phosphoric acid which is predominantly used in fertilizer. In addition to radioactive materials, …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a calcium sulphate dihydrate and a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry. It is produced in huge quantities (300 MT/year), but only 15% of the PG produced is recycled. ... the total amount of heavy metal in the soil or plant tissues may not be the best way to assess the environmental safety of PG use in ...

High-purity CaCO3 via a facile two-step dissolution–carbonation coprecipitation procedure using NH4Cl, NH4OH, and CO2 with phosphogypsum (PG) as the raw material was successfully produced in the present work. The impact of different experimental parameters on dissolution and carbonation processes was discussed …

Phosphogypsum, a waste product from manufacturing fertilizer, emits radon, a radioactive gas. It also contains the radioactive elements uranium, thorium and radium. ... Obey safety instructions. …

Phosphogypsum is a by-product of phosphoric acid industrial production, and its stacking volume is increasing year by year, which brings a great threat to the environment and agricultural safety. The way of comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum was described, and the mechanism of phosphogypsum producing …

Phosphoric acid manufacturing generates large amounts of phosphogypsum (PG); a by-product generally disposed in the surface or evacuated in the seawater without any pretreatment. Phosphogypsum may host non-negligible amounts of valuable elements such as rare earth elements (REEs), which are critical elements on …

Phosphogypsum is an acidic by-product from the phosphate fertilizer industry. Large quantities are produced world-wide and it is estimated that by the year 2000 up to 280 million tonnes will be produced annually. Although phosphogypsum is mainly calcium sulfate dihydrate, it contains elevated levels of impurities which originate …

The issue has drawn attention, at least in part, because phosphogypsum includes radioactive elements. It is stored in huge stacks. Opposition to phosphogypsum in roads. Opponents raised questions about the potential hazards of using phosphogypsum, including whether it could harm people working on roads and …

The concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K maintained in phosphate rock (PR), phosphoric acid (PA) and phosphogypsum (PG) samples and its possible radiation hazards, have been measured.

Phosphogypsum (PG) accumulates during wet-phosphoric acid production for fertilizers. In the Philippines, PG is partly (40%) utilized to produce gypsum walls and cement. This work assesses the radiological risks and resource opportunities associated with PG stacks in the Philippines. The conducted in situ radiometric survey measured …

Allowing for the widespread distribution of phosphogypsum will lead to less oversight of a dangerous waste product. The EPA and DEP lack adequate regulations needed to protect the public and the environment from hazards associated with gypsum stacks and dispersal of phosphogypsum.

Phosphate was spontaneously immobilized by phosphogypsum depending on the form. • Residual dissolved phosphate (RDP) was immobilized via a hydration process. • RDP in PG affected the UCS of backfill and the environmental behavior. • RDP should be controlled for both safety and environmental protection purposes.

Location of the study area, showing the phosphoric acid plant of Gabes, from which the phosphate rock (PR), phosphogypsum (PG) and phosphogypsum (PGF) samples were collected. The map also shows the location of the industrial littoral discharge of the plant and the marine migration of phosphogypsum s.