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— 2. Materials and methods. Ball milling was performed to prepare a slurry by mixing Al 2 O 3 (99.9%, D50: 0.43 μm, AES-11, Sumitomo Chem, Japan) and deionized water (DIW) with a dispersant (5468CF, San Nopco, Japan) using a high purity alumina ball (99.5%, 10 mm, SSA-995, Nikkato, Japan). In the milling process, alumina balls (60 kg), …